Paracentesis: Results

No infection, cancer, or abnormal values are found.

Several tests may be done on the fluid.

• Cell counts. A high number of white blood cells (WBCs) in the fluid may mean inflammation, infection (peritonitis), or cancer are present. A high WBC count and a high count (250 cells per cubic millimeter, or mm³) of certain white blood cells (called polymorphonuclear leukocytes, or PMN) may mean a certain type of infection inside the belly called spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP).
• Serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG). The SAAG compares the level of protein in the fluid to the level of protein in the blood. High protein levels in the fluid may mean cancer, tuberculosis, nephrotic syndrome, or pancreatitis. Low protein levels in the fluid may mean cirrhosis or clots in veins of the liver are present.
• Culture. A culture can be done on the fluid to see whether bacteria or other infectious organisms are present.
• Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). High levels of the enzyme LDH may mean infection or cancer is present.
• Cytology. Abnormal cells in the fluid may mean cancer is present.
• Amylase and glucose. High levels of amylase may mean pancreatitis or there is a hole in the intestine. Low levels of glucose may mean infection.