Prostaglandin analog to prevent NSAID-induced peptic ulcer
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Examples
| Brand Name | Chemical Name |
| Cytotec | misoprostol |
Combination medications
| Brand Name | Chemical Name |
| Arthrotec | misoprostol and diclofenac |
Misoprostol is taken twice a day, or four times a day in divided doses.
Misoprostol is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the prevention of ulcers caused by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
Arthrotec is a medication that contains both an NSAID (diclofenac) and misoprostol.
How It Works
Misoprostol reduces the amount of acid produced by the stomach and enhances protection of the lining of the stomach and the upper small intestine (duodenum).
Misoprostol does not reduce the effectiveness of NSAIDs in treating arthritis.
Why It Is Used
Misoprostol is sometimes used to decrease the risk of peptic ulcer disease in people who must use large doses of NSAIDs to treat arthritis or other long-term (chronic) painful diseases.
How Well It Works
Misoprostol is partially effective in preventing ulcers in people who must use high doses of NSAIDs. However, studies have not shown that the medication improves symptoms of ulcers caused by NSAIDs.1
Side Effects
The side effects of misoprostol include:
- Diarrhea. Diarrhea can be prevented by using a lower dose, but this may reduce the medication's effectiveness.
- Abdominal pain.
- Indigestion (dyspepsia).
- Nausea.
- Gas (flatulence).
- Fatigue.
See Drug Reference for a full list of side effects. (Drug Reference is not available in all systems.)
What To Think About
Misoprostol should not be used during pregnancy because it can cause miscarriage (spontaneous abortion). Women who could become pregnant are given the medication only after they are tested and found to not be pregnant. Women must use a reliable method of contraception while taking this medication.
Misoprostol treatment is expensive.
Complete the new medication information form (PDF) (What is a PDF document?) to help you understand this medication.
References
Citations
Wolfe MM (2000). Therapy and prevention of NSAID-related gastrointestinal disorders. In M Wolfe, ed., Therapy of Digestive Disorders, pp. 96–112. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.
Credits
| Author | Colleen Cronin |
| Author | Ralph Poore |
| Editor | Susan Van Houten, RN, BSN, MBA |
| Associate Editor | Michele Cronen |
| Associate Editor | Terrina Vail |
| Primary Medical Reviewer | Kathleen Romito, MD - Family Medicine |
| Specialist Medical Reviewer | Andrew H. Soll, MD - Gastroenterology |
| Last Updated | January 12, 2006 |
| Last updated: | January 12, 2006 |
|---|---|
| Author: | Ralph Poore |
| Reviewed By: | Kathleen Romito, MD - Family Medicine, Andrew H. Soll, MD - Gastroenterology |
| Editors: | Susan Van Houten, RN, BSN, MBA, Terrina Vail |
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