Gallstones: What Increases Your Risk

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What Increases Your Risk

Your chances of forming gallstones that can cause symptoms may be higher if you:¹

• Are female. Females are twice as likely as males to have gallstones.
• Are older than 55.
• Are overweight.
• Lose weight rapidly. Gallstones develop in about one-fourth of very overweight men and women who are on strict diets and in about half of people who have gastric bypass surgery for obesity. Gastric bypass surgery reduces the size of the stomach and connects the smaller stomach to the middle section of the small intestine.
• Have low levels of "good" cholesterol (HDL or high-density lipoprotein) and elevated triglycerides, which are a type of fat found in the blood and in foods.
• Have a disease of the small or large intestine, such as Crohn's disease.
• Have a family history of gallstones.
• Are pregnant.
• Are taking estrogen (after menopause) or high-dose birth control pills.
• Are Native American or Hispanic.
• Have sickle cell disease.
• Are taking a medicine called octreotide (Sandostatin) or a cholesterol-lowering medicine, such as gemfibrozil (Lopid) or fenofibrate (Tricor, for example).
• Have cirrhosis (scarring of the liver).
• Get very little or no exercise.
• Do not eat for a period of time (fast).

Last updated:	August 02, 2007
Author:	Monica Rhodes
Reviewed By:	Kathleen Romito, MD - Family Medicine, Jerome B. Simon, MD, FRCPC, FACP - Gastroenterology
Editors:	Kathleen M. Ariss, MS, Pat Truman, MATC