Treatment for Thrush

Content provided by the Faculty of the Harvard Medical School

Treatment for Thrush

Question:

What can I do to relieve pain from thrush? I have just had radiation treatment.

Answer:

Thrush is an overgrowth of a fungus (usually one called Candida) due to the temporary impairment of the function of white blood cells. This overgrowth usually appears as a white coating. It can be quite painful. It is a common side effect of chemotherapy and radiation to the head and neck.

Chemotherapy affects both the number and function of the white blood cells. Radiation can cause ulcerations of the lining of the mouth, called mucous membranes. If white blood cells are damaged or reduced in number, it can lessen our ability to ward off infections. Bacteria and fungi can then invade the tissues and cause an infection.

The most common treatment for thrush is Nystatin mouth wash, which is taken four times per day. It has anti-fungal properties. Another remedy is clotrimazole (Mycelex) troches, which are similar to lozenges. These are taken twice per day. Both of these treatments can clear the thrush infection. Many doctors also prescribe viscous Xylocaine, a local anesthetic that numbs the lining of the mouth.

If you have significant trouble swallowing, mouth sores down in your throat or signs of a more serious infection, your doctor may suggest an oral antifungal such as fluconazole. Oral fluconazole works by getting into the blood stream. The blood carries the drug to the mouth.

The pain will usually go away when the mucous membranes have been repaired and the infection is under control.

Last updated:	July 20, 2009