Essure Implant

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Essure Implant

Question:

I am considering having the Essure implant. What are the common side effects related to this procedure, and is it reversible?

Answer:

Essure is a form of permanent birth control. Thin metal coils are inserted into the fallopian tubes to create a blockage that prevents sperm from fertilizing the egg. It is a relatively new procedure, so effects beyond five years are not known, but studies up to now have shown a success rate of over 99%.

The Essure implants are placed using a procedure called hysteroscopy, in which a small fiberoptic scope is inserted into the uterus. It is an office procedure done without cutting the skin, so unlike tubal sterilization, general anesthesia is not necessary. There is a small risk of fainting, cramping, bleeding, and injury to the uterus during the procedure.

The Essure system is not immediately effective at preventing pregnancy. Tissue must grow into the area to block the tubes and an X-ray test using dye injected into the uterus must be performed to check that the tubes are indeed closed. An alternative form of birth control must be used while waiting the three months after placement for this to occur. In about 15% of patients the tubes are not adequately blocked, and Essure cannot be relied upon without repeating the procedure.

Essure is not reversible; so women must be sure they absolutely don't want to have more children before considering this contraceptive technique.

Joan Bengtson, M.D., is assistant professor of obstetrics, gynecology and reproductive biology at Harvard Medical School and a member of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproduction at Brigham and Women's Hospital.

Last updated:	July 20, 2009