New Meds On The Block - The Changing World Of Allergy Treatments: Allergies

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New meds on the block

New meds on the block

While antihistamines and anti-inflammatory medications have long been the stalwarts, a variety of newer allergy treatments have come on line.

Leukotriene modifiers: Also known as antileukotrienes, leukotriene modifiers are an anti-inflammatory addition to the asthma treatment arsenal. These medicines block the action of leukotrienes, chemicals that contribute to inflammation — especially of the airways — and bronchoconstriction. As a blocking agent, antileukotrienes work in a similar way to antihistamines but block different chemicals. The result is less inflammation, less bronchoconstriction, and less mucus production. Antileukotrienes have also found a place in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. For both asthma and rhinitis, antileukotrienes tend to be less effective than steroids.

IgE modifiers: Omalizumab (Xolair), which received FDA approval in 2003, is an approach for treating allergic asthma. Intriguingly, this anti-IgE drug is actually an antibody that removes circulating IgE in the body. The result is less IgE to attach to mast cells and trigger allergic reactions. Asthma patients taking omalizumab have been able to reduce their need for steroid treatment and have fewer flare-ups of their asthma.

Immunomodulatory medications: Pimecrolimus (Elidel cream) and tacrolimus (Protopic ointment) are newer nonsteroidal eczema treatments. They work by inhibiting specific signals within cells that participate in allergic inflammation.

Last updated:	August 21, 2006
Reviewed By:	Faculty of Harvard Medical School